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ABES participa de debate na Câmara dos Deputados sobre projeto que amplia prazos dos planos de saneamento e resíduos sólidos

24/08/2016 Redação ABES

(Da esq. para a dir.) Álvaro José Menezes da Costa, membro da Diretoria Nacional da ABES, o deputado federal João Paulo Papa, e o secretário Nacional de Saneamento Alceu Segamarch Junior.

Os engenheiros Álvaro José Menezes da Costa e Sérgio Gonçalves, membros  da Diretoria Nacional da Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental – ABES, participaram, nesta terça-feira, dia 23 de agosto, na Câmara dos Deputados da Oficina Técnica para debater o Projeto de Lei Complementar 14/2015, promovida a pedido do deputado federal João Paulo Papa (PSDB-SP), relator da matéria na Comissão de Desenvolvimento Urbano (CDU).

O encontro, que contou com a presença de Alceu Segamarchi Júnior, secretário Nacional de Saneamento do Ministério das Cidades, reuniu outros especialistas, técnicos e representantes do Governo Federal (relação completa no final do texto), que deram sua contribuição para relatório do Projeto, que prevê a prorrogação dos prazos para que os municípios façam os planos municipais de saneamento básico e de resíduos sólidos; a dilatação dos prazos para o fim dos lixões e, também, que a União forneça apoio técnico e financeiro a estados e municípios na elaboração dos referidos planos.

“Eu não poderia fazer esse relatório sem ouvir as pessoas e entidades que estão próximas da realidade vivida pelos municípios brasileiros. Foi um debate aberto e plural e pude colher contribuições importantes para formar uma visão geral sobre o tema. Isso é fundamental para o desenvolvimento do trabalho”, ressaltou Papa.

Questões como a real necessidade de se ampliar os prazos para a execução dos planos, criando novos critérios; considerar um escalonamento de acordo com o tamanho dos municípios ao se estabelecer esses novos prazos; além do apoio técnico e financeiro da União e dos estados para que as cidades possam cumprir as metas foram alguns dos pontos destacados pelos presentes e que serão considerados pelo deputado.

Visão da ABES

A ABES fez uma nota prévia na qual destacou, primeiramente, a questão relativa aos prazos de elaboração dos planos de saneamento e de resíduos sólidos e a busca de mecanismos para auxiliar as prefeituras na elaboração destes.

“Entendemos que é até necessário prorrogar os prazos, mas que se estabeleça uma data factível e que até essa data se determine também um mecanismo que, ao longo do tempo, até o prazo final, haja uma forma de cobrar e fazer com que as prefeituras elaborem esses planos”, ressaltou Álvaro Menezes.

Outra questão destacada pela ABES, de acordo com Álvaro, diz respeito ao controle social estabelecido no decreto 7.217, de 2010, que regulamentou a Lei 11.445. “O prazo para que as prefeituras montem as suas estruturas de controle social – normalmente Conselhos – também já venceu, mas isso está gerando uma dificuldade de captação de recurso pelas companhias de saneamento e pelos órgãos prestadores de serviços municipais para tentar colocar em ordem o saneamento nas suas cidades”, salienta.  “A ABES ressaltou que é importante, na definição desses prazos, que se considere o impacto dos atrasos na elaboração dos planos, além das exigências que são feitas nesse processo”.

Também foi destacada pela entidade, conforme explica o engenheiro, a simplificação dos processos de elaboração dos planos e a forma de fazer os mecanismos serem utilizados, respeitando a regionalização no Brasil e a maneira que o Governo Federal precisa definir e apoiar as prefeituras, para que elas possam elaborar os seus planos. “A prefeitura de uma cidade como São Paulo, por exemplo, pode não precisar contratar o setor de saneamento porque tem recursos e a estrutura técnica, mas a prefeitura de uma cidade pequena da região Norte no Brasil não tem estruturas técnicas para sequer preparar um plano e acompanhar sua execução e implantação. E nem tem dinheiro para contratar”, pontuou Álvaro. “Assim, a ABES avaliou que é importante que o Governo Federal, neste caso, os deputados, por meio de Projetos de Lei, criem mecanismos que possibilitem esse auxilio de forma prática.”

A ABES ainda chamou atenção para o fato de que muitas vezes os planos de saneamento no Brasil ou são muito mal feitos ou as prefeituras os têm, mas não conseguem gerenciá-los e isso causa problemas para as agências reguladoras.

O que diz o projeto

O texto, de autoria do deputado Odelmo Leão (PP-MG), prorroga a implementação dos planos de Saneamento Básico pelos municípios que passaria a ser agosto de 2020 – atualmente, apenas 31% das cidades brasileiras conseguiram concluir os planos dentro do prazo. O projeto amplia ainda, até 2 de agosto de 2020, período para os municípios elaborarem o plano de gestão integrada de resíduos sólidos – o prazo terminou em 2012.

Além disso, o Projeto de Lei Complementar também altera a Lei Complementar 140/11, que trata da cooperação entre União estados e municípios na questão ambiental. Este ponto prevê que deverão ser priorizados os entes federados com maiores carências técnicas ou financeiras e aqueles que adotarem consórcios públicos e outras soluções de integração de ações.

Também de acordo com o texto, os municípios passariam a ter até 2 de agosto de 2024 para assegurarem o fim dos lixões, com a disposição final ambientalmente adequada da totalidade dos seus rejeitos. O prazo inicial, previsto na Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (Lei 12.305/10) venceu no final de 2014 – hoje, segundo a Associação Brasileira de Empresas de Limpeza (Abrelpe), mais de 1,5 mil municípios brasileiros não eliminaram os lixões.

Também participaram da Oficina Técnica:

  • Johnny Ferreira, diretor da Secretaria Nacional de Saneamento do Ministério das Cidades;
  • Ricardo José Soavinski, secretário Nacional de Recursos Hídricos e Ambiente Urbano do Ministério do Meio Ambiente;
  • Roberto Cavalcanti Tavares, presidente da Associação Brasileira das
  • Francisco Lopes, secretário-Executivo da Associação Nacional dos Serviços Municipais de Saneamento – ASSEMAE;
  • Carlos André Linz Rodriguez, vice-presidente de Governo da Caixa Econômica Federal;
  • Cláudia Lins, consultora da Confederação Nacional dos Municípios – CNM;
  • Ricardo Augusto Simões Campos, secretário Municipal de Obras e Infraestrutura da Prefeitura de Belo Horizonte, representando o prefeito Marcio Lacerda, presidente da Frente Nacional dos Prefeitos – FNP;
  • Édison Carlos, presidente do Instituto Trata Brasil;
  • Luciana Freitas, vice-presidente Executiva do Observatório da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos.

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