A Associação Interamericana de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental – AIDIS, com apoio da Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental – Seção São Paulo (ABES-SP), promoverá, em 29 de novembro, o 23º Encontro Técnico de Alto Nível – Despoluição do Rio Pinheiros. As inscrições são gratuitas e podem ser feitas aqui.
O encontro trará especialistas para abordar as ações que estão sendo realizadas no Estado de São Paulo e apresentar cases de outros países (veja programação abaixo).
A despoluição do rio Pinheiros é um processo complexo que demanda responsabilidade coletiva, com participação não somente do Governo de São Paulo, da Sabesp e das prefeituras de cidades da Região Metropolitana de SP, mas também dos cidadãos, da sociedade e da iniciativa privada. Exige um novo desenho institucional que integre diversas políticas urbanas e órgãos responsáveis por sua implementação e uma mudança de mentalidade em relação ao papel do rio na vida da metrópole e de seus habitantes.
Lições do Tâmisa
“Além de tornar o Tâmisa mais limpo e saudável, nosso objetivo é fazer com que as pessoas compreendam a importância de todos se responsabilizarem pelo rio”, diz Emma Harrington, Consultora inglesa, da Thames21, que participará deste Encontro Técnico. O rio Tâmisa, com 346 km de extensão, atravessa não apenas o centro de Londres, uma das maiores cidades europeias e do planeta, como diversas outras cidades próximas, áreas rurais e zonas industriais. Durante séculos, recebeu todo o esgoto não tratado da capital inglesa e, com a Revolução Industrial (séculos 18 e 19), passou a ser o destino também de enormes quantidades de dejetos industriais. Em 1957, foi considerado morto biologicamente. Nas décadas seguintes, passou por um longo processo de despoluição e reurbanização. Hoje, está plenamente integrado à paisagem urbana de Londres, com grande número de edifícios residenciais e comerciais, construções históricas, museus e parques à sua margem, e um sistema de transporte fluvial utilizado tanto por londrinos como por turistas”.
Em São Paulo, entre as iniciativas e obras realizadas e/ou em curso, destacam-se os projetos Córrego Limpo, iniciado em 2007 com o objetivo de despoluir 151 córregos na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, e Se Liga Na Rede, que entre 2011 e 2018 conectou 25,5 mil residências à rede de esgoto.
O problema maior envolvido neste contexto, são os 2,1 milhões de moradores em áreas irregulares (600 mil moradias) na região metropolitana. “À beira do córrego Água Espraiada (zona sul), por exemplo, há muitas casas praticamente dentro do rio sem qualquer saneamento e o acesso para retirar lixo e instalar redes coletoras é muito difícil”. Outro problema grave é a grande quantidade de lixo nas ruas, que com as chuvas acabam indo parar em bueiros, córregos e rios.
A despoluição do Tietê se arrasta desde os anos 1990, com resultados ainda insatisfatórios. Um dos motivos (não o único) é a grande quantidade de esgoto lançada no rio pela cidade de Guarulhos (uma das mais populosas da Grande São Paulo), que trata apenas uma pequena parte dele. Após anos de disputa devido a uma dívida antiga, em 2018 a Sabesp e a Prefeitura assinaram protocolo de intenções para que a empresa trate esgoto e distribua água na cidade.
“Repensar a cidade, o território e suas águas”
Stela Goldstein, consultora do Banco Mundial para programas voltados à universalização do saneamento, que também participa deste Evento, destaca a importância de tratar a questão do ponto de vista institucional. “Estamos diante de problemas que não são isolados: habitação, saneamento, coleta de lixo, mobilidade/transporte público, produção e distribuição de energia, planejamento urbano e uso irregular do solo e do território, tudo está interligado e exige convergência de programas de longo prazo”, disse.
Ela também chama atenção para o problema das enchentes, frequentes na cidade durante o verão, e do excesso de água direcionado rapidamente para os córregos e rios sem qualquer tratamento. “Devemos aprender a conviver com as águas, em vez de buscarmos nos livrar delas o mais rapidamente possível. Por isso, é importante interferir na microdrenagem e não apenas na macrodrenagem”, explica.
Como exemplo, Goldstein cita um programa de cidades-esponja lançado pela China, em que até 80% dos materiais utilizados em construções, ruas e calçadas devem absorver e reter água das chuvas, evitando assim grandes inundações, contaminações e desperdício de água. “Com as mudanças climáticas resultantes do aquecimento global, as chuvas intensas tendem a se agravar e colocam ainda mais urgência em lidarmos com esse excesso de vazão.
Diante desse panorama, este 23º Encontro Técnico de Alto Nível sobre a Despoluição do Rio Pinheiros pretende entender experiências da Inglaterra e do Chile, bem como ouvir as ações que estão sendo programadas e/ou desenvolvidas pelos órgãos públicos vinculados ao Governo do Estado de São Paulo.
Programação:
13h30 – 14h – Inscrições
14h – 14h30 – Sessão Solene de Abertura
14h30 – 15h10 – Conferência sobre o Novo Pinheiros – Ações da Sabesp Dr. Edison Airoldi, Diretor de Tecnologia, Empreendimentos e Meio Ambiente
15h10 – 15h30 – Conferência – Inovação tecnológica em Processos de ETEs modulares e compactas – José Alfredo Mattio/Sonia Mucciolo – AQUAMEC
15h30 – 16:10 – Conferência sobre Ações adotadas pela CETESB para a despoluição do Rio Pinheiros – Dra. Patricia Iglecias, Presidente da CETESB
16h10 – 16h50 – – Conferência sobre “Mapocho Urbano Limpio”, Caso da cidade de Santiago – Eng. Cristian Schwerter, Gerente de Engenharia AGUAS ANDINAS, Chile
16h50 – 17h30 – Conferência: Considerações sobre Despoluição do Rio Tâmisa – Sra. Emma Harrington, THAMES21, Inglaterra
17h30– 18h10 – Conferência: “Repensar a Cidade, o Território e Suas Águas”, Stela Goldenstein, Consultora do Banco Mundial, Brasil
18h10 – Encerramento
Serviço:
23º Encontro Técnico de Alto Nível: Despoluição do Rio Pinheiros
Quando: dia 29 de novembro, das 14h às 18h
Onde: Auditório da Sabesp – R. Nicolau Gagliardi 343, Pinheiros São Paulo, SP
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